| July 21, 1861 |
(First) Manassas (Confederate)
(First) Bull Run (Union)
About 25 miles southwest of Washington the first major battle of the Civil War pits Irvin McDowell [US] against P. G. T. Beauregard [CS] and Joe Johnston [CS]. |
Virginia
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William Tecumseh Sherman |
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First Manassas - First Bull Run |
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P. G. T. Beauregard |
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Irvin McDowell |
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Joseph E. Johnston |
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Army of Northern Virginia |
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John B. Gordon |
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Stonewall Jackson |
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Richard Ewell |
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Samuel Garland |
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Ambrose Burnside |
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Samuel Heintzelman |
| May 5, 1862 |
Battle of Williamsburg
Major General James Longstreet [CS] nearly defeats Major General "Fighting Joe" Hooker [US] during a rear-guard action. |
Virginia
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Peninsula Campaign |
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Lafayette McLaws |
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George McClellan |
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Battle of Williamsburg |
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William Farrar Smith |
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Winfield Scott Hancock |
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Jubal Anderson Early |
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Joseph Hooker |
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Samuel Garland |
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Samuel Heintzelman |
May 31, 1862 June 1, 1862 |
Battle of Seven Pines [US]
Battle of Fair Oaks [CS]
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Virginia
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Joseph E. Johnston |
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George McClellan |
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Peninsula Campaign |
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Battle of Fair Oaks - Seven Pines |
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Edwin Vose Sumner |
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John B. Gordon |
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Oliver O. Howard |
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Daniel Harvey Hill |
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Benjamin Huger |
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John Sedgwick |
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Samuel Garland |
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Darius Couch |
| June 23, 1862 |
Robert E. Lee plans a counterattack against Union forces preparing to lay siege to Richmond at the Dabbs House |
Virginia
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Robert E. Lee |
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Seven Days Retreat |
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Stonewall Jackson |
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Daniel Harvey Hill |
| June 30, 1862 |
Battle of Frayser's Farm
Battle of White Oak Swamp [Alt.]
Battle of Glendale
Many other names
Robert E. Lee's [CS] last chance to cut the Army of the Potomac in two. George McClellan [US] withdraws to Malvern Hill. |
Virginia
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Seven Days Retreat |
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Battle of Glendale |
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Samuel Heintzelman |
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George Meade |
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Joseph Hooker |
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A. P. Hill |
| August 28, 1862 |
Robert E. Lee and James Longstreet arrive at Manassas from the peninsula |
Virginia
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Robert E. Lee |
August 29, 1862 August 30, 1862 |
Second Manassas[CS]
Second Bull Run[US]
General John Pope [US] lost to General Robert E. Lee[CS]. General James Longstreet's [CS] 28,000 man assault on August 30 was the largest simultaneous assault of the war in this Confederate victory.
Union losses 13,830
Confederate losses 8,350
Also includes: Manassas Plains, Gainesville |
Virginia
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Robert E. Lee |
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Stonewall Jackson |
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Army of Northern Virginia |
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Second Manassas - Second Bull Run |
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Fitz-John Porter |
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Northern Virginia Campaign |
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John Pope |
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Gouverneur K. Warren |
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John Reynolds |
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Army of Virginia |
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Joseph Hooker |
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Samuel Heintzelman |
| November 6, 1862 |
Confederates James Longstreet and Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson are promoted to Lieutenant General |
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Stonewall Jackson |
| April 12, 1863 |
Siege of Suffolk
General James Longstreet surrounds Suffolk in southeastern Virginia |
Virginia
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| May 30, 1863 |
Robert E. Lee completes the restructuring of the Army of Northern Virginia, creating three corps under James Longstreet, Dick Ewell and A. P. Hill. |
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Robert E. Lee |
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Army of Northern Virginia |
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A. P. Hill |
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Richard Ewell |
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The Gettysburg Campaign |
July 1, 1863 July 3, 1863 |
Battle of Gettysburg
General Robert E. Lee [CS] advances into Pennsylvania where he meets George Meade [US]. First battling north of the city, by the second day Union forces had retreated south, forming a strong line as men arrived almost continuously. On the third day, the infamous Pickett's Charge marked the end of the Confederates hope for a victory
The bloodiest three days in American history |
Pennsylvania
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Bloodiest Civil War battles |
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Robert E. Lee |
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John Bell Hood |
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George Meade |
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Army of Northern Virginia |
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Army of the Potomac |
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J. E. B. Stuart |
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Lafayette McLaws |
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Winfield Scott Hancock |
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George Armstrong Custer |
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Battle of Gettysburg |
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Richard Ewell |
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George Pickett |
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John Reynolds |
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The Gettysburg Campaign |
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Early action at Herbst Woods |
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James Archer |
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George Armstrong Custer |
| September 9, 1863 |
James Longstreet leaves Virginia with his corps to reinforce the Army of Tennessee |
Georgia Virginia
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| September 17, 1863 |
Forward echelons of Longstreet's Corps begins arriving in Northwest Georgia. |
Georgia
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Battle of Chickamauga |
September 19, 1863 September 20, 1863 |
Battle of Chickamauga
General Braxton Bragg [CS] tries to split General William Rosecrans [US] forces as they try to return to the safety of Chattanooga. A second day breakthrough at the Brotherton Cabin forces the federals into a retreat, halted only by the Rock of Chickamauga, General George Thomas on Snodgrass Hill
The bloodiest two days in American history cost the Federals 1,657 dead, 9,756 wounded, and 4,757 missing for a total of 16,170 casualties out of 58,000 troops. The Confederate losses were 2,312 dead, 14,674 wounded and 1,468 for a total of 18,545 out of 66,000 troops. |
Georgia
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Gordon Granger |
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Bloodiest Civil War battles |
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William S. Rosecrans |
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Braxton Bragg |
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George Thomas |
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John Bell Hood |
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Army of the Cumberland |
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Philip Sheridan |
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Nathan Bedford Forrest |
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Lafayette McLaws |
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Battle of Chickamauga |
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James Garfield |
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Leonidas Polk |
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Daniel Harvey Hill |
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Chickamauga Campaign |
October 28, 1863 October 29, 1863 |
Battle of Wauhatchie
In a rare nighttime assault, James Longstreet [CS] battles John Geary [US] just west of Lookout Mountain |
Tennessee
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Battles for Chattanooga |
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Battle of Wauhatchie |
| November 4, 1863 |
Braxton Bragg orders James Longstreet to Knoxville to operate against Ambrose Burnside. Longstreet is the last of the generals that complained to Jefferson Davis about Bragg. |
Tennessee
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Braxton Bragg |
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Siege of Knoxville |
| November 16, 1863 |
Battle of Campbell's Station, Knoxville
Ambrose Burnside [US] withdraws following an attack by James Longstreet [CS]. |
Tennessee
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Ambrose Burnside |
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Siege of Knoxville |
November 17, 1863 December 4, 1863 |
Siege of Knoxville |
Tennessee
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Ambrose Burnside |
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Siege of Knoxville |
| December 3, 1863 |
James Longstreet begins a two-day withdrawal from Knoxville to Greeneville following the Siege of Knoxville. |
Tennessee
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Siege of Knoxville |
December 9, 1863 December 14, 1863 |
Battle of Bean's Station
Federal forces probe Longstreet's lines near his winter camp. After several days of heavy skirmishing, Longstreet struck the Union line on Dec. 14, driving Brigadier General James Shackleford back about 1.5 miles before he made a stand. Union forces withdrew that evening. |
Tennessee
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Siege of Knoxville |
| April 7, 1864 |
James Longstreet recalled to Virginia |
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May 5, 1864 May 7, 1864 |
Battle of the Wilderness
Ulysses S. Grant [US] is badly beaten on the field by Robert E. Lee [CS] but rather than retreat, Grant advances to Spotsylvania Court House.
Union: 17,666
Confederate: 7,750 |
Virginia
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Bloodiest Civil War battles |
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Robert E. Lee |
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Ulysses S. Grant |
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Army of Northern Virginia |
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Overland Campaign |
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Winfield Scott Hancock |
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A. P. Hill |
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Richard Ewell |
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Gouverneur K. Warren |
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John Sedgwick |
| October 17, 1864 |
General James Longstreet resumes command of his corps after suffering a serious wound at The Wilderness |
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| April 9, 1865 |
After attempting to break-out of the Union envelopment, Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia to Ulysess S. Grant at the home of Wilmer McLean in Appomattox Court House |
Virginia
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Ulysses S. Grant |
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Robert E. Lee |
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Appomattox (or Appomattox Court House) |
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Battle of Appomattox |
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Surrender At Appomattox |
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George Armstrong Custer |
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Edward O. C. Ord |